Ruth's Romance of Redemption
by Edward Boone
~ 1936 ~
Fifth Edition
The Boone Publishing Company
Des Moines Iowa
STUDY ONE
THE DISTRESS AND THE REMOVAL
"Now it came to pass in the days when the judges ruled, that there was a
famine in the land. And
a certain man of BethlehemJudah went to sojourn in the country of Moab,
he, and his wife, and
his two sons. And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his
wife Naomi, and the
name of his two sons Mahlon and Chilion, Ephrathites of BethlehemJudah.
And they came into
the country of Moab, and continued there. And Elimelech Naomi's husband
died; and she was
left, and her two sons. And they took them wives of the women of Moab; the
name of the one was
Orpah, and the name of the other Ruth: and they dwelled there about ten
years. And Mahlon and
Chilion died also both of them; and the woman was left of her two sons and
her husband" (Ruth
1:1-5)
The events recorded in the Book of Ruth took place "when the judges ruled"
(v. 1). These are the
first words of the Book. The Book of Judges gives us a survey of the
condition of the people of
Israel at the time the Book of Ruth was written. During the rule of the
judges, the spiritual
atmosphere was good when the people obeyed the Lord. The declination,
however, was very
apparent during these 450 years and especially toward the close of this
period. The three
outstanding conditions of the children of Israel are described in the book of
Judges are as
follows:
1. Disobedience. When the Israelites would disobey the Lord, He in turn would
send them
chastisement from the hands of a foreign nation. When Israel would humble
themselves and
implore GOD for mercy, He would send them a deliverer -- a Gideon, a Deborah,
or someone to
help them out of their distress. However, every time they disobeyed GOD, the
chastisement
seemed to become greater, and a longer time elapsed before they called on GOD
for deliverance.
This shows that a person's heart will become harder by continuing in
disobedience.
2. Defeat. When the Israelites disobeyed GOD, He sent some nation -- the
Moabites, the
Philistines, the Ammonites, or other enemies -- who would defeat them. They
destroyed their
property, their crops, and their cities. In turn, Israel would humble
themselves, repent of their
disobedience, and ask GOD for victory over their enemies. The disobedient
will meet defeat.
This was proved in the character of King Saul, who disobeyed the commands of
Samuel and
finally went down in defeat to a suicide's grave.
3. Disgrace. The Book of Judges describes the low and degrading moral
condition of the
children of Israel at that time. The 19th chapter is sufficient proof of
their low standard of living.
Along with the downfall of standards usually comes strife and jealousy. At
this time, it existed in
such a degree that brother fought against brother, and tribe against tribe.
The tribe of Benjamin
was so nearly wiped out at one time in cold bloody slaughter that only 600
men survived.
The Book of Judges closes with the words "In those days there was no king
in Israel: every man
did that which was right in his own eyes" (Judges 21:25). This
described the condition of Israel.
Each man was a law unto himself and declared, "We are independent, we will
be our own
bosses". When the laws of GOD, of a nation, or of a family are set
aside, nothing but confusion,
strife, and disorder can remain. There must be law and order to preserve
peace, but here there
was none, for there was "no king in Israel." This should be a lesson
to those in the ranks of the
church who would be a law unto themselves and who, regardless of the opinions
of others, desire
to run the church according to their own plans. Many a spiritual church has
been wrecked
because of church bosses that existed within their ranks. Some consider the
preacher only a
figurehead and not one who is called by GOD to lead and guide the flock.
Eternity alone will
reveal the grief and sorrow some ministers have had to endure because of
those who wanted to
be dictators on the official board or within the society of the church.
Notice how different the last
verse of the Book of Ruth: "And Obed begat Jesse, and Jesse begat David."
David means the
"beloved one," and the "Beloved One" -- JESUS CHRIST -- was a
descendant of David.
THE NUMBER EIGHT
The Book of Ruth surely has its proper setting between the Book of Judges and
the Books of
Samuel. It is the eighth Book in the Bible. The number eight signifies "a
new beginning." It is
associated with resurrection -- the beginning of a new order of things -- for
CHRIST arose on the
first day of the week, the eighth day. "Noah, the eighth person, a
preacher of righteousness," (II
Peter 2:5), stepped from the ark into a new world with a total of eight
people to begin, as it were,
a new race (I Peter 3:20). The Jewish boy was circumcised on the eighth day,
a type of new life,
the new birth, and the new creation. The cleansed leper was presented by the
priest before the
Lord on the eighth day; this marked his new beginning: "And on the eighth
day he shall take two
he lambs without blemish, and one ewe lamb of the first year without
blemish, and three tenth
deals of fine flour for a meat offering, mingled with oil, and one log of
oil. And the priest that
maketh him clean shall present the man that is to be made clean, and those
things, before the
LORD, at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation" (Leviticus
14:10-11). The eighth note
in the musical scale is the note of new beginning, just as Sunday is the
eighth day, the beginning
of a new week. So we see from this that the Book of Ruth appropriately goes
before the Books of
Samuel because in the closing verse it introduces David, the eighth son of
Jesse, from whom
there would begin a new plan on the basis of Divine grace. The Book of Ruth
describes this
marvelous working of grace to the Gentile race through JESUS CHRIST of the
seed of David. It
is a bright picture on the dark background of Israel's apostasy had come to
its fullness, and now
GOD was to have a new beginning. After the rule of judges had failed, GOD
began the order of
prophets, as seen in the Book of Samuel, which follows Ruth. Just so,
hundreds of years later,
after the law had failed to give a man what his soul was in need of, GOD
began His dispensation
of grace through JESUS CHRIST, Who was of the seed of David. In this study we
find the
following:
1. THE FAMILY
2. THE FAMINE
3. THE FAILURE
1. THE FAMILY
There were six members in the family: Elimelech and Naomi, the husband and
wife; Mahlon and
Chilion, the two sons; and Orpah and Ruth, the two daughters-in-law.
THE NUMBER SIX
The number six falls short of the number of perfection, seven, thus
indicating incompleteness
and symbolizing fallen man without CHRIST. He lacks the One Who is altogether
necessary to
bring him into the perfect state. Man was created on the sixth day, one short
of seven, which is
typical of rest. The descendants of Cain are mentioned only in the sixth
generation. There were
six cities of refuge, provided for safety from the avenger of blood. The only
safe and perfect
security is in the seventh -- JESUS CHRIST. At the marriage of Cana (John
2:6), there were six
water pots of stone; these were empty and needed filling. JESUS CHRIST, the
seventh, supplied
their needs. He is the only One Who is able to bring man the blessings of
which he stands in
need. When JESUS was crucified, darkness began at the sixth hour (Matthew
27:45). So, the
doom of man in his eternal state without the redeeming power of JESUS CHRIST
in his life is
outer darkness. The rebellious man who rejects GOD will finally end with the
Antichrist, whose
number is 666. Goliath, the giant of Gath, who is a type of the Antichrist,
was 6 cubits tall, wore
6 pieces of armor, and carried an iron spearhead weighing 600 shekels. The
image erected by
Nebuchadnezzar in the plain of Dura in the province of Babylon was 60 cubits
high and 6 cubits
wide; this is prophetic of the image that shall be erected by the Antichrist
before which the world
must bow in worship.
However, there is yet another character found in the Book, the seventh; his
name is Boaz. He is
the one who so nicely portrays the Lord JESUS CHRIST as the kinsman redeemer
for the
Gentile race. There are other characters in the Book such as the neighbors,
(4:17), handmaidens,
young men, the servant, (2:5), and the disabled kinsman, (4:6), but their
names are not
mentioned.
THE NUMBER SEVEN
The number seven represents dispensational completeness. In some places it
refers to Divine
fulness, and in other places it speaks of dispensational perfection. It is
composed of the numbers
three and four, the Divine and the creature in unison. Sometimes it refers to
the perfection of evil
as in Matthew 12:45 where seven spirits re-entered the man, and his last
state was worse than his
first. GOD created the world in six days but rested on the seventh in answer
to the complete
satisfaction of His work. Moses was the seventh from Abraham and to him was
given the
complete law of GOD for the old dispensation. Enoch, who was not, for GOD
translated him,
was the seventh from Adam. He is a type of the church of JESUS CHRIST in its
dispensational
completeness when it will be raptured away to meet the Lord. There are seven
epistles, bearing
the complete instructions necessary for eternal life and godliness, written
to the churches. There
are seven letters written to the seven churches in Revelation, chapters two
and three, giving the
complete church history from the Day of Pentecost until its close. When the
people of GOD
conquered Jericho, they marched around the walls seven times on the seventh
day, following
seven priests, who were carrying seven trumpets. This displayed the perfect,
complete victory of
faith over the city that was cursed. The complete and perfect measure of
forgiveness is seventy
times seven as taught by JESUS in Matthew 18:22. The seven devils cast out of
Mary
Magdalene by JESUS shows the complete climax of iniquity in her life. So we
see that Boaz,
being the seventh, is the one to bring about spiritual perfection in the life
of Ruth, who
prefigured the Gentile church.
The Seven Characters of the Book
We are now going to study the names of each of the seven characters, give
their meaning, and
then see how nicely they fit into the picture of the Book.
A. ELIMELECH. His name means "GOD is my king". In the days when there
was no king in
Israel, there was one man, at least, who looked to the GOD of Heaven to be
king of his life. This
shows that in every apostasy GOD has a few who have stood true to their faith
in Him, just as
Enoch in the antediluvian age and Elijah during the apostasy of Ahab.
B. NAOMI. Her name means "my pleasant one." Truly this is a wonderful
name to have.
However, because of her life of wandering and backsliding, she renounced the
name and
requested that she be called "Mara, meaning "bitter." Ten years
in the land of Moab brought her
home in a bitter condition.
C. MAHLON. This means "sickly." The offspring of Elimelech and Naomi
were sickly. By
inference, we note the spiritual decline of the parents, which is manifested
in the names of their
children. Usually children reap a portion of what is sown by the father and
mother. When there is
a decline in spirituality at the head of the home, the effect is soon
noticeable in the children.
Likewise, when the pastor and official board of a church cease to be
spiritual, the result may
soon be discerned. In the same way, when the head officers and officials of a
church
organization no longer have the missionary and evangelistic spirit, and
worldliness creeps into
their lives, it is soon apparent in the other avenues of the church.
D. CHILION. His name means "consumptive." He is possessed with a germ
and a disease that
will terminate in death. Again the same spiritual drifting of the parents is
being manifested in the
second child but in a worse form, showing their spiritual state is rapidly
declining as years go on.
Throughout the Old Testament the names of the people picture the
circumstances surrounding
their birth. When the angel announced to Abraham and Sarah that Isaac was to
be born, she
laughed. When he was born, they named him Isaac, meaning "laughter."
When Joseph was sold
by his brethren into Egypt, he went through many hardships and prison
experience, which finally
led him to the throne. While there he married a Gentile wife, who gave birth
to a son. Joseph
called his name "Manasseh," which means "He hath made me forget all
my toil, and all my
father's house." (Genesis 41:51). Likewise, around these parent's
lives there, no doubt, existed an
unrevealed reason for them to name these sons "sickly" and "consumptive."
E. ORPAH. This means "a portion of the neck and back." When Naomi left
Moab for the land
of Bethlehem, she tried to induce her daughters-in-law, Orpah and Ruth, to
return to the land of
Moab, but they both declared, "We will return with thee unto thy people."
(1:10). Again she tried
to persuade them to return to Moab. "Orpah kissed her mother-in-law; but
Ruth clave unto her."
(v. 14). Thus, we see, the meaning of her name was fulfilled in her act when
she turned her back
on Bethlehem to worship idols in the land of Moab. How many have started like
Orpah, but
because of persecution, the separation the Christian life demands, or the
mocking of some
friends, they turned their backs on Bethlehem-Judah to return to their idol
worship again.
F. RUTH. Her name means "satisfied." She did not find her satisfaction
in Moab, in Naomi, or
in Bethlehem-Judah, but she found it in Boaz, whom she later married. Ruth
was much like the
man in the 91st Psalm, who had set his love upon the Lord, (v. 14), and
because of that fact GOD
said, "With long life will I satisfy him, and shew him my salvation"
(v. 16). Many have tried to
find satisfaction in different things, but the only lasting satisfaction that
is worth while for time
and eternity is to be found in JESUS CHRIST. Yet this satisfaction is not
complete, for man still
dwells in the realms of sin, still has a decaying body, and still lives in
the midst of temptations.
David sensed that fact and said, "I shall be satisfied, when I wake with
thy likeness." (Psalm
17:15). How we should thank GOD for the prospects ahead; "It doth not yet
appear what we
shall be: but we know that, when he shall appear, we shall be like him."
(I John 3:2).
G. BOAZ. His name means "in him is strength." When Solomon was
building the temple, he
brought out from Tyre, Hiram, who made and erected two pillars of brass.
"And king Solomon sent and fetched Hiram out of Tyre. He was a widows son
of the tribe of
Naphtali, and his father was a man of Tyre, a worker in brass: and he was
filled with wisdom,
and understanding, and cunning to work all works in brass. And he came to
king Solomon, and
wrought all his work. For he cast two pillars of brass, of eighteen cubits
high apiece: and a line
of twelve cubits did compass either of them about. And he made two
chapiters of molten brass, to
set upon the tops of the pillars: the height of the one chapiter was five
cubits, and the height of
the other chapiter was five cubits: And nets of checker work, and wreaths
of chain work, for the
chapiters which were upon the top of the pillars; seven for the one
chapiter, and seven for the
other chapiter. And he made the pillars, and two rows round about upon the
one network, to
cover the chapiters that were upon the top, with pomegranates: and so did
he for the other
chapiter. And the chapiters that were upon the top of the pillars were of
lily work in the porch,
four cubits. And the chapiters upon the two pillars had pomegranates also
above, over against
the belly which was by the network: and the pomegranates were two hundred
in rows round
about upon the other chapiter. And he set up the pillars in the porch of
the temple: and he set up
the right pillar, and called the name thereof Jachin: and he set up the
left pillar, and called the
name thereof Boaz. And upon the top of the pillars was lily work: so was
the work of the pillars
finished (I Kings 7:13-22).
The right pillar he named Jachin, which means "he shall establish."
The left pillar was called
Boaz, meaning "in it is strength." Throughout the Scripture brass is
typical of judgment. The
altar in the tabernacle was made of brass, signifying that the judgment of
sin was met in the
sacrifice there consumed. In the vision John the Revelator had on the Isle of
Patmos he saw
JESUS, "His hairs were white like wool . . .; his eyes were as a flame of
fire; and his feet like
unto fine brass, as if they burned in a furnace." (Revelation
1:14-15). Here CHRIST is not
dressed in His high priestly garments, for His work as HIGH PRIEST is
completed; He now
comes with His feet like unto fine brass to trample under His feet in
judgment all those who have
rejected the atonement He had offered. So these pillars portray JESUS CHRIST
Who, like the
sacrifice on the altar, endured the judgment for lost men. Although Solomon
was a great man
and able to build, in his day, a magnificent temple, there is One Who is
greater than Solomon,
Who shall be able to build a greater Temple, the Church of the living GOD. By
the strength of
His death and resurrection, He shall be able to establish a church
against which the gates of hell
will not be able to prevail. This church, composed mostly of Gentile
believers, will be called "the
body of CHRIST." From this we see the name Boaz points forward to Him
Who is to be the
descendant of David.
THE NUMBER TWO
You may wonder why there were two pillars. Two in Scripture is the number of
testimony.
JESUS said, "In the mouth of two or three witnesses every word may be
established." (Matthew